Find a Daikin Specialist Dealer September 2010, Volume 3, Issue 3, pp 215–224Particle removal efficiency of the portable HEPA air cleaner in a simulated hospital wardResearch Article/Indoor/Outdoor Airflow and Air QualityFirst Online: 30 July 2010Received: 30 November 2009Revised: 03 May 2010Accepted: 07 June 2010DOI: 10.1007/s12273-010-0005-4Cite this article as: Qian, H., Li, Y., Sun, H. et al. Build. AbstractUse of a HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filter in a room is believed to assist in reducing the risk of transmission of infectious diseases through removing the particles or large droplets to which pathogens may be attached. Use of a portable HEPA filter(s) in hospital wards is hypothesized to increase the effective ventilation rate (for particles only). Use of a portable HEPA filter is also hypothesized to increase the effective airflow rate of the general ward to the standard of an isolation ward for emerging infection diseases. This may be a good solution for housing patients when the number of beds in an isolation ward is insufficient.

An experiment was conducted in a full scale experimental ward with a dimension of 6.7 m × 6 m × 2.7 m and 6 beds to test these hypotheses for a portable HEPA filter. The removal efficiency for different size particles was measured at different locations. The influence of the portable HEPA air cleaner on the airflow pattern was also studied through smoke visualization and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. ionic air purifier and cancerResults show that the HEPA filter can effectively decrease the particle concentration level. best air purifier for mcsThe effective air change rate achieved by the HEPA filter (for particle removal only) is from 2.7 to 5.6 ACH in the ward. air duct cleaning bradley ilThe strong supply air jet from the portable HEPA filter interacted with the room airflow pattern and became dominate, introducing global airflow mixing in the room.

Background noise levels were also measured and noise level in the room increased when the maximum airflow of the filter was used.If this is your first visit, be sure to check out the FAQ by clicking theYou may have to register before you can post: click the register link above to proceed. To start viewing messages, select the forum that you want to visit from the selection below. There are currently 4248 users online. 79 members and 4169 guests. Most users ever online was 5,777 at 11:44 AM on 09-16-2016. Subscribe to this entry Low stomach acid, or hypochlorhydria, occurs when the the parietal cells lining the stomach are unable to produce enough acid (HCl) for whatever reason. Low stomach acid can be a significant problem since sufficient amounts are required for a number of purposes. Firstly stomach acid is required for the digestion of proteins. High acidity breaks down the bonds between protein fibres allowing proteolytic (protein digesting) enzymes to go to work to further digest protein in the small intestine.

Secondly, stomach acid is needed to liberate essential minerals from food so they are present in their unbound ionic forms which can then be absorbed. This is true for important nutrient minerals including calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, iron and selenium. Stomach acid is also required to liberate vitamin B12 from meat, its main dietary source. Finally, acid acts to sterilise the stomach, killing bacteria, yeast and parasites that may be ingested. The symptoms of low stomach acid can mimic those of too much stomach acid so it is important to test your stomach acid production to determine whether you have too much or too little. You don't want to be taking antacids if you have too little or taking HCl supplements when you already have too much acid. The symptoms of low stomach acid include: - Bloating, belching, burning or flatulence shortly after eating- Rectal itching- Smelly gas (putrefaction)- Skin rashes (psoriasis, acne, eczema, rosacea)- Weak nails ( due to poor mineral absorption)- Higher risk of food poisoning- Bacterial overgrowth of the small intestine - Chronic Candida infection- Mineral deficiencies- B12 deficiency- Food Sensitivities

Many readers suffering from unexplained chronic illnesses or who have been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and the like, will recognise these symptoms, I feel it it important to describe the various methods of testing available to detect low stomach acid. HCl ChallengeThis is the most basic test for low stomach acid production. It is certainly not the most accurate but it is cheap and easy and can be performed in the comfort of your own home. The test is conducted as follows: 1. Day 1: take 1 capsule of Betaine HCl (usually 600mg) with each meal2. Day 2: take 2 capsules with each meal3. Continue increasing by 1 capsule per day until you feel a sensation of warmth in your stomach or until you reach seven capsules per meal4. Reduce the ‘warm stomach' dose by 1 capsule per meal5. Discomfort may develop later, as your body begins producing more HCl -reduce dose by 1 capsule at a time. The more capsules it takes to produce the sensation of warmth in your stomach, the lower your stomach's own production of  acid is assumed to be.

Betaine HCl capsules are widely available from health stores and are relatively inexpensive.This test should not be performed if there is evidence of stomach ulcers or gastritis. Home Testing with Samples Sent to a Lab Salivary Vascular Epidermal Growth Factor TestThe basis of this test is that vasuclar epidermal growth factor (VEGF) is required to help hold the parietal cells of the stomach lining closely together so that hydrogen ions that form stomach acid do not leak back through the stomach lining. Research has shown that the more stomach acid that is produced the more VEGF is also produced. Levels of VEGF in the saliva seem to correlate well with the amount of stomach acid being produced. The test procedure is as follows: 1. A saliva sample is produced at least one hour after a meal and at least 15 minutes after drinking soft drinks, tea or coffee. A break of 24 hours after alcohol ingestion is needed.  (24 hours also needed after any proton-pump-inhibitor drugs are used and ideally any drug that interferes with stomach acidity)

2. Put 1-2ml of saliva into the test tube supplied 3. Post to the lab and wait for the results This test was developed by Dr. John McLaren Howard, is produced by Acumen and the only place I can currently find it available from is Dr. Sarah Myhill's website (http://www.drmyhill.co.uk/test.cfm?id=96). Heidelberg Stomach Acid Test (pH Gastrogram)This test requires you to visit a clinic or lab. It is likely to be the most accurate measure of stomach acid production but the most time consuming and expensive. The test was developed at the University of Heidelberg in the city of Heidelberg, Germany.  The Heidelberg test involves swallowing a pH monitoring device that transmits information about the level of acidity in your stomach back to a computer that a clinician can review. The pH monitoring device is similar in size to the average nutritional supplement capsule so is easy to swallow and nothing to worry about. 1. Fast overnight (at least 8 hours)2. Arrive at the clinic/lab and swallow the pH monitoring capsule3.